Functions

Function	Name	Behaviour
sqrt()	Square Root	Returns the square root of a number (also known as √)
cbrt()	Cube Root	Returns the cube root of a number
abs()	Absolute value	Returns the absolute value of a number (i.e makes a negative number positive)
round()	Round	Returns the nearest integer (half-away-from-zero). Also accepts a second arg for decimal places.
ceil()	Ceiling	Rounds up to the nearest integer
floor()	Floor	Rounds down to the nearest integer
sin()	Sine	Returns the sine of an angle (in radians)
cos()	Cosine	Returns the cosine of an angle (in radians)
tan()	Tangent	Returns the tangent of an angle (in radians)
ln()	Natural Logarithm	The natural logarithm of a number is its logarithm to the base of the mathematical constant e.
log2	Logarithm Base 2	Returns the logarithm of a number to the base 2
log10	Logarithm Base 10	Returns the logarithm of a number to the base 10
acos()	Arc Cosine	Returns the arc cosine of a number (inverse of cosine)
asin()	Arc Sine	Returns the arc sine of a number (inverse of sine)
atan()	Arc Tangent	Returns the arc tangent of a number (inverse of tangent)
csc()	Cosecant	Returns the cosecant of an angle (1/sin)
sec()	Secant	Returns the secant of an angle (1/cos)
cot()	Cotangent	Returns the cotangent of an angle (1/tan)
exp()	Exponential	Returns the value of e raised to the power of a number
fact()	Factorial	Returns the factorial of a number n! (if the number is negative, the absolute value of it is used)

Examples

sqrt(16)                    | 4
cbrt(27)                    | 3
abs(-5)                     | 5
fact(5)                     | 120
ln(20)                      | 3
log2(32)                    | 5
ln(e)                       | 1
round(1.5)                  | 2
ceil(1.1)                   | 2
floor(1.9)                  | 1
round(3.14159, 2)           | 3.14

See the Rounding page for natural-language rounding syntax and more examples.

Multi-argument functions

These functions accept two or more arguments separated by commas.

Function	Arity	Behaviour
min(a, b, …)	≥1	Returns the smallest of its arguments
max(a, b, …)	≥1	Returns the largest of its arguments
clamp(x, lo, hi)	3	Constrains x to the range [lo, hi]. Errors if lo > hi
log(x, base)	2	Logarithm of x to an arbitrary base
hypot(a, b, …)	≥1	Returns √(a² + b² + …)
gcd(a, b, …)	≥2	Greatest common divisor (integers only)
lcm(a, b, …)	≥2	Least common multiple (integers only)
sum(a, b, …)	≥1	Sum of its arguments
avg(a, b, …)	≥1	Arithmetic mean
median(a, b, …)	≥1	Median value
stddev(a, b, …)	≥2	Sample standard deviation (uses n−1 denominator)

Examples

min(3, 7, 2)                | 2
max(3, 7, 2)                | 7
clamp(15, 0, 10)            | 10
log(1000, 10)               | 3
hypot(3, 4)                 | 5
gcd(12, 18)                 | 6
lcm(4, 6)                   | 12
sum(1, 2, 3, 4)             | 10
avg(1, 2, 3, 4)             | 2.5
median(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)       | 3
stddev(2, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 7, 9) | 2

sum and avg also exist as bare keywords that aggregate previous consecutive lines — see Totals and Subtotals.

To define your own functions like f(x) = 2*x + 1, see User-Defined Functions.